Sunday, 30 November 2014

Tablets

     
TABLET

Types of tablet:

A. Immediate release tablets: The tablet is intended to release rapidly after administration, or the tablet is dissolved and administered as solution. 
Most common types are:
  1. Disintegrating tablets 
  2. Chewable tablets
  3. Effervescent tablet
  4. Sublingual and buccal tablets 
  5. Lozenges
B.Modified release tablets : They have release features based on, time, course or location and must be swallowed intact.

Classification of lubricants:

Insoluble Lubricants
Concentration
Comments
Stearate(magnesium S., Calcium S., Sodium s.)
0.25-1
Reduce tablet strength, prolong disintegration, widely used.
Talc
1-2
Insoluble but not hydrophobic
Glycerylbehapate
1-5
Both lubricant and Binder
Liquid paraffin
Up to 5
Dispersion problem, inferior to stearate.

 List of water soluble lubricants:

Water soluble lubricants
Concentration range (%w/w)
Boric acid
1
Sodium benzoate
5
Sodium oleate
5
Sodium acetate
5
Sodium Lauryl sulphate(SLS)
1-5
Magnesium lauryl sulphate (MLS)
1-2

BINDERS:

Binders or adhesives are the substances that promote cohesiveness. It is utilized for converting powder into granules through a process known as granulation.

Classification of binders:

Sugars
Natural binders
Synthetic/Semi-synthetic Polymer
Sucrose
Acacia
Methyl cellulose
Liquid glucose
Tragacanth
Ethyl cellulose

Gelatin
Hydroxy Propyl Methyl Cellulose(HPMC)

Strach paste
Hydroxy Propyl Cellulose(HPC)

Pregelatinised starch
Sodium Carboxy Methyl Cellulose

Alginic Acid
Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone

Cellulose
Polyethylene glycol(PEG)
Polyvinyl Alcohols, Poly methacrylates.